Over-the-counter treatments such as antihistamines and decongestant nasal sprays may provide short-term symptom relief. However, these medicines may not be suitable for everyone, particularly those with certain underlying health conditions, so it is important to speak with a pharmacist before use.

Nasal sprays and drops, including antihistamine, decongestant, corticosteroid, and saline sprays, can also help relieve congestion and sinus discomfort. Some treatments are available over the counter, while others may require a prescription, which can now be accessed conveniently through the FREE NHS Pharmacy First service.

Having a cold or upper respiratory infection

Allergies such as hay fever

Nasal polyps or a deviated nasal septum

Smoking or exposure to smoke

Asthma

A weakened immune system

Dental infections affecting the upper teeth

People with these risk factors may be more likely to develop sinusitis or experience recurring symptoms.

A spread of infection to the eyes, causing swelling or vision problems

Bone infections near the sinuses

Meningitis, a serious infection affecting the lining of the brain and spinal cord

Chronic sinusitis, where symptoms persist for an extended period

The NHS advises seeking medical attention if symptoms become severe, worsen suddenly, or affect vision or breathing.